Introduction to Aromatase Inhibitors
Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are a class of drugs primarily used in the treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. They work by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which is responsible for converting androgens into estrogens. By reducing estrogen levels in the body, AIs help to slow or stop the growth of certain types of breast tumors that require estrogen to grow.
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Types of Aromatase Inhibitors
There are three main types of aromatase inhibitors:
- Non-steroidal Aromatase Inhibitors: These include Anastrozole (Arimidex) and Letrozole (Femara). They bind to the aromatase enzyme and effectively block its activity.
- Steroidal Aromatase Inhibitor: Exemestane (Aromasin) is a steroidal option that permanently inactivates the aromatase enzyme, leading to a more prolonged effect.
- Known Benefits: AIs are often prescribed for adjuvant treatment following surgery, as they have been shown to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence.
Potential Side Effects
While aromatase inhibitors can be highly effective, they may also cause side effects. Some common side effects include:
- Hot flashes
- Joint pain or stiffness
- Fatigue
- Nausea
It’s important for patients to discuss potential side effects with their healthcare provider, as some may require management or adjustment of treatment.
Conclusion
Aromatase inhibitors play a crucial role in treating hormone-sensitive breast cancer, making them an important component of oncology. Understanding how they work, their benefits, and possible side effects can aid patients and healthcare providers in making informed decisions regarding cancer treatment.